Marine invasive studies by the Council

The potential for invasion by non-indigenous species into Prince William Sound and other Alaskan waters from oil tanker ballast water discharges has been a priority issue for the Council since 1996.

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Regional Evaluation of Non-indigenous Marine Species in Prince William SoundGregory M. Ruiz et al., Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterSeptember 24, 2024The report describes a survey conducted in 2023, looking for non-indigenous species (NIS) in the waters of Prince William Sound.
Flyer: European green crab have arrived in AlaskaPWSRCACNovember 23, 2022Flyer on European green crab. Details about discovery in SE Alaska, how to identify these crabs, and what to do if you spot one.
Variation in Zooplankton Community Composition in Prince William Sound across Space and TimeDr. Jonathan Geller, Dr. Katrina Lohan, Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterJuly 5, 2022This report summarizes a genetic analysis of zooplankton in Prince William Sound.
Metagenetic Analysis of 2018 and 2019 Plankton Samples from Prince William Sound, AlaskaDr. Jonathan Geller, Martin Guo, Melinda Wheelock, Moss Landing Marine LaboratoryApril 13, 2020The goal of the project was to identify any marine invasive species in Prince William Sound.
Metagenetic Analysis of 2017 Plankton Samples from Prince William Sound, AlaskaDr. Jonathan Geller, Martin Guo, Melinda Wheelock, Moss Landing Marine LaboratoryAugust 5, 2019This report describes the methods and findings of the metagenetic analysis of plankton samples from the waters of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. The study was done to identify zooplankton, …
Bioblitz 2016 Re-assessing Marine Invasions In Valdez, Prince William Sound, AlaskaSmithsonian Environmental Research CenterJuly 1, 2017The purpose of this project was to help advance citizen science and genetic methods to detect target NIS in Prince William Sound (PWS), building on a significant body of previous …
Status Of International And Domestic Regulations On Installation And Use Of Ballast Water Management SystemsDanielle VernaFebruary 1, 2017Ballast water is globally recognized as a dominant transport vector of nonnative aquatic species, representing a significant threat to the environmental and economic health of coastal areas worldwide. As such, …
Analysis Of Federal And State Ballast Water Management Policy As It Concerns Crude Oil Tankers Engaged In Coastwise Trade To AlaskaDanielle VernaJanuary 1, 2017The ballast water of ships is regulated with an aim to minimize or prevent the introduction of aquatic nonnative species. In the United States, ballast water is regulated at the …
Analysis Of Crude Oil Tanker Ballast Water Data For Valdez And Prince William Sound, AlaskaDanielle VernaApril 17, 2014Executive Summary: This report describes ballast water source and management data reported by crude oil tankers arriving to Valdez and Prince William Sound, Alaska from 2005 through 2012. The analysis …
Quantitative Survey Of Nonindigenous SpeciesDr. Jonathan Geller, Gregory M. Ruiz, Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterNovember 7, 2013The US Fish and Wildlife Service funded this project through a grant to the Council. The work in this report is some of the first ever, broad-scale identification of plankton …
Marine Invasive Species Technical Support – Quantitative Survey Of Nonindigenous Species (NIS) In Prince William SoundDr. Jonathan Geller, Gregory M. Ruiz, Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterNovember 1, 2013In 2012, the Council accepted a final report from the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center on a survey of bottom-dwelling invasive species in Prince William Sound. Two of the species collected …
2012 Economic Impacts Of Marine Invasive SpeciesAlaska SeaLife CenterJuly 31, 2012Report by the Alaska SeaLife Center in collaboration with the University of Alaska Anchorage’s Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER) to assess economic benefits and costs of taking action …
Characterizing Risk Associated with Vessel Fouling and Nonindigenous Species in Prince William SoundCalifornia State Lands Commission, Chris Scianni, Elizabeth Sosik, Jeffery Cordell, Maurya Faulkne, School of Aquatic Fishery Science, University of WashingtonOctober 17, 2009The 2009 report ‘Characterizing Risk Associated with Vessel Fouling and Nonindigenous Species in Prince William Sound’ reviewed 2005-2008 vessel arrival data for ports in Prince William Sound and the Ports …
Tunicate: Northward spread, diversity, source, and impact of non-native tunicates in Alaska: Establishing a monitoring and education networkDr. Chela Zabin, Gregory M. Ruiz, Karen Alroy, Sarah Cohen, Verena WangSeptember 12, 2008This report measures the source, species diversity, and impacts of non-native tunicate species spreading northward along western North America.
Northward Spread of Marine Nonindigenous Species along Western North AmericaAnson H. Hines, Aquatic Bioinvasion Research & Policy Institute, Brian P. Steves, Catherine E. de Rivera, Gregory M. Ruiz, Paul FofonoffDecember 15, 2006This report, submitted by Smithsonian researchers, forecasts the northward spread of four invasive species to Alaska waters.
Testing Of BWT SystemsJuly 17, 2006
Workshop Report on Testing of Ballast Water Treatment Systems: General Guidelines and Step-wise Strategy Toward Shipboard TestingAquatic Bioinvasion Research & Policy Institute, GE Smith, Gregory M. Ruiz, M. SytsmaJune 1, 2006We held a workshop on 14-16 June 2005 to review strategies for shipboard evaluation of BWT systems. The overall objective of the workshop was to develop consensus recommendations and general …
Ballast Water Exchange: Efficacy of treating ships’ ballast water to reduce marine species transfers and invasion successAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterNovember 10, 2005The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center performed a series of experiments on board oil tankers to determine the efficacy rate of mid-ocean ballast water exchange in reducing the amount of species …
Ballast Water Exchange: Efficacy of Treating Ships’ Ballast Water to Reduce Marine Species Transfers and Invasion SuccessSmithsonian Environmental Research CenterNovember 1, 2005The study demonstrated that ballast water exchange on oil tankers arriving in Prince William Sound was highly effective, with the empty-refill method being more effective than flow-through method. The efficacy …
Projecting Range Expansion of Invasive European Green Crabs (Carcinusmaenas) to Alaska: Temperature and Salinity Tolerance of LarvaeAnson H. Hines, Catherine deRivera, Gregory M. Ruiz, Natasha Gray Hitchcock, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterFebruary 1, 2004Smithsonian Environmental Research Center developed a projection of the potential spread of the European Green Crab in Alaska.
Marine Invasive Species And Biodiversity of South Central AlaskaAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterDecember 31, 2000This report summarizes research on non-indigenous species in marine ecosystems of Alaska during the year 2000 by the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center.
Biological Invasions in Alaska’s Coastal Marine Ecosystems: Establishing a BaselineAnson H. Hines, Brian P. Steves, Gregory M. Ruiz, Kristen Larson, Linda McCann, Paul Fofonoff, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tami HuberMarch 15, 2000This report synthesizes the results of biological surveys conducted at several sites including sites in Prince William Sound.
Biological Invasions of Cold-Water Coastal Ecosystems: Ballast-Mediated IntroductionsAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterMarch 15, 2000This report provided the first synthesis of NIS known to be in Alaska, resulting from an extensive literature review and field-based surveys. The study concluded that several NIS are present …
The Risk of Nonindigenous Species Invasion in Prince William Sound Associated with Oil Tanker Traffic and Ballast Water Management: Pilot StudyAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterDecember 4, 1997Although non-indigenous species are common in marine environments, and some cause significant environmental and economic impacts throughout the world, prior to this study there was very little information available for …
Risk Of NIS InvasionAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterDecember 4, 1997
Risk Of NIS Invasion Supplement DataAnson H. Hines, Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterDecember 4, 1997
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